DELIVERY 3 - The crowns of the moon

 
 

 

 

INTERPRETATION OF THE UN SUB-GROUP

The circle marked as U in drawing 2, was initially and still is considered to represent Arcturus, a Boötes. Although the other circles in drawing 2 are not specifically defined, their definition is acceptable. While certain circles are missing or poorly defined, the intention of the author or authors of the subgroup is visible. The best way to study them and appreciate the stars comprising this northern subgroup is by placing Arcturus at 180º according to the instructions dictated by the southern witnesses of the circles representing the three stars giving their names to the group. The position of these stars can be seen on star charts 1 and 2. Here we can see a stellar alignment reflected in table 1, N-S in direction, as also reflected in drawing 1.

Table 1    
Star Azimut Height
a Boo 180° 00’ 79° 30’

a Umi   

5° 41’     28° 53’
b Umi   9° 34’ 45° 11’
g Umi    13° 35’ 46° 44’
a Dra    4° 28’   55° 14’
k Dra   353° 33’  47° 30’
h Uma  354° 32’ 69°48’
z Uma    350° 34’ 63° 18’
e Uma   343° 49’  60° 19’
a Uma    336° 04’ 45° 47’
h Boo   205° 14’ 78° 09’
a Vir 202° 41’ 47° 43’
e Vir  230° 06’ 65° 21’
r Vir 237° 27’  61° 32’
b Vir  242° 30’  46° 32’
b Leo  258° 54’ 53° 59’
e Lup  172° 47’  13° 55’
k Lup 175° 39’  10° 28’
a Lup  180° 27’ 12° 40’
hCen   181° 02’  17° 59’
a Gem    307° 52’  8° 15’
a Sco    151° 43’ 24° 54’
a Aql  90° 31’ 8° 47’
a CMi   151° 43’  24° 54’

The stellar alignment visible on the passing of Arcturus through 180º, is, from N to S: stars corresponding to Ursa Minor, the Polar circle of the period —540 BC— close to k Dra; stars from the Ursa Major; Arcturus, and stars corresponding to Lupus and Kentaurus, as reflected in drawing 2, las star charts 1 and 2 and table 1. By widening the said alignment to a strip, we should hopefully be able to appreciate, to the right of circle U, at either the same height or a little further towards the South, the stars of Virgo, Corvus, Crater, Leo, Hydra and, to the left, stars corresponding to the Corona Borealis, to Libra, Ophiuchus, Serpens, Scorpion, etc.

Apart from the odd exception, the circles farthest north, from u1 to u6, are poorly defined. The land has been well trodden by cows and many of the stones are no longer in place; moreover, those located to the right of U —Arcturus—, are particularly vague.

Having said this, and as long as no better definition of the group is available, I can say that:

« Circle u1: a  Ursa Minor.
« Circle u2: b  Ursa Minor.
« Circle u3: star of Draco, related to the Pole of the period.
« Circle u4: star of Draco, related to the Pole of the period.
« Circle u5 (double?): z Ursa Major, Mizar and Alcor.
« Circle u6: Alioth, e Ursa Major.
« Circle u7: Alkaid, h Ursa Major.
« Circle U: Arcturus, a Boötes.
« Circle u8: b Leo.
« Circle u9: h Boötes.
« Circle u10: e Virgo.
« Circle u11: b Virgo.
« Circle u12: h Kentaurus.
« Circle u13: b Lupus.
« Circle u14: k Lupus.
« Circle u15: a Lupus.
« Circles u16, u17, u18: stars of the Kentaurus.

To understand this solution, the best idea is to start with celestial chart number 2, obtained on the basis of Alexander E. Zavalishin’s Star Calc 5.71 astronomy program. We are located in this program Arcturus at its culmination, while the stars corresponding to the solution found have been circled in red. The representation, with Arcturus in the middle, is clearly Pyrenean. In fact I saw the setting of Arcturus based on consideration of the main witness in the first group studied, 0100-01-01 Mulisko Gaina. Arcturus, I must point out, in The Crowns, with Sirius and Fomalhaut, is a star to be remembered in the Psc. The alpha of Boötes has appeared, as reflected in numerous documents, on several occasions and in several places, at the rising, at the culmination and at the setting, as in the case of Sirius and Fomalhaut. Circle U, Arcturus, is by a long stretch the most outstanding star in the subgroup as a result of its diameter, the strength of its witnesses, the message conveyed by these witnesses and its outstanding position in general. The Northern subgroup, as in the case of the Southern subgroup with respect to Sirius, and unlike that of the centre in relation to Fomalhaut, was drawn on the field with Arcturus in culmination, a moment when, together with the circle-stars accompanying it in the representation, they form an enormous circle, in this case meridian, stretching from north to south, from the Ursas and Draco to Lupus and the Kentaurus, passing through Arcturus itself and Virgo.

What stars are missing?

First of all observing chart 2, Spica, frequent companion of Arcturus in the Pyrenees. Then Regulus and Antares in that order. I would say that all three have remains on the ground demanding careful excavation.

We must point out with respect to representation, one of the constants of the Psc, the contraction of the figure formed by the asterisms, close to abstraction in some cases, but always related to the intended representation. The alignment U-u9-u10 and u11, Arcturus, a Boo -Mufrid, h Boo -Vindemiatrix, e Vir and Zavijava, b Vir, with Deneb to the north of Zavijava and NW of Videmiatrix, is one example. There is absolutely no point in approaching the Psc with the preconceived idea that it is impossible for one or two shepherds from around 3,000 years ago to have been capable of so subtly describing the firmament; it has to be approached in the belief that we have here an astonishing graphic representation, for the simple reason that they are —all— there, and, as such, can be observed precisely, on the condition that we grant a vote of confidence to the skills of the creators in question. This kind of representative contraction has been indicated on several occasions; just remember what I saw and wrote in Del crónlech pirenaico Ed. Txertoa, 1997, San Sebastián, in 0100-01-12 Errenkalko and in 0100-01-17 Urgarata (Añona), and, in the same instalment, even Okabe. All places of clear astronomic coherence, provided that we apply a minimum amount of good will when trying to understand a coded message which, without this predisposition, we would challenge head-on as anachronistic.

The Arcturus of The Crown is paradigmatic and therefore, as is the case of so many Psc’s, rather than a precise instant, indicates a sequence ranging from the culmination to the setting of Arcturus. The witnesses of circle U, in addition to indicating the said sequence, refers to simultaneous positions of Northern stars, while those ranging from 222º-229º may well represent successive locations of Antares with respect to the setting of Arcturus, Shupa at that point, by Chipeta at the foot of the Subordán?

The Psc’s of The Crown, like so many others, while extremely far from telling us what they contain, certainly require a degree of collaboration: removal of the trees that are destroying them and hiding the landscape that inspired them.

The stars of this subgroup come from the celestial space lying between the sequential culminations of Sirius and Arcturus, which can be understood as the area Or-Un and consists, among other constellations, of: The Twins, Cancer, Hydra, the Crater, the Crow, the Virgin, Kentaurus and Lupus.

Given this solution and that of the remaining subgroups, to the SE of U and NE of u12, it would make sense to search for a circle representing Spica, and to the east of u8 another comparable to Regulus. It would also be appropriate to find a circle representing Altair to the west of U, and another representing Antares to the west of u13 and u14. But let’s get our own understanding straight before proceeding to search for new circles: The Crowns only seems to represent the stars from the celestial sectors —each sector is defined by the radius stretching from the Pole to each of the three stars mentioned— Ku-Or and Or-Un, given that I have not yet found a star in the Un-Ku sector, which, were it to exist, and given the apparent conception of the group, would appear to the left of U and to the right of K. These, a series of constructions traced from the firmament during the annual cycle, are so well done, that the clumsy word or the word clumsy throws a shadow over their understanding and meaning. For the time being it is better to keep my mouth shut. I tried when reviewing the subject at the end of April to confirm these claims in the area corresponding to Spica, where there are remains and stones on the basis of which to make a hypothetical reconstruction of the said star, but to no avail. However, given their tremendous unreliability, I wouldn’t even dare to draw a circle with a discontinued line. This said, slight excavation of the area could shine some kind of a light on this theory, as should be the case with the remains found in the areas corresponding to Regulus and Antares.

top